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Fiddleheads or fiddlehead greens are the furled fronds of a young fern,〔C.Michael Hogan. 2010. (Fern. Encyclopedia of Earth. National council for Science and the Environment )〕 harvested for use as a vegetable. Left on the plant, each fiddlehead would unroll into a new frond (circinate vernation). As fiddleheads are harvested early in the season before the frond has opened and reached its full height, they are cut fairly close to the ground. Fiddleheads have antioxidant activity, are a source of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, and are high in iron and fibre.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Agriculture Canada Study )〕 Certain varieties of fiddleheads have been shown to be carcinogenic. (See bracken poisoning) The fiddlehead resembles the curled ornamentation (called a ''scroll'') on the end of a stringed instrument, such as a violin. It is also called a ''crozier'', after the curved staff used by bishops, which has its origins in the shepherd's crook. ==Varieties== The fiddleheads of certain ferns are eaten as a cooked leaf vegetable. The most popular of these are: *Western sword fern, ''Polystichum munitum'', "king of northwest ferns."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=WESTERN SWORD FERN (Polystichum munitum) )〕 *Bracken, ''Pteridium aquilinum'', found worldwide (Toxic if not cooked fully) *Ostrich fern, ''Matteuccia struthiopteris'', found in northern regions worldwide, and the central/eastern part of North America ''(Health Warning)'' *Lady fern, ''Athyrium filix-femina'', throughout most of the temperate northern hemisphere. *Cinnamon fern or buckhorn fern, ''Osmunda cinnamomea'', found in the eastern parts of North America, although not so palatable as ostrich fern. *Royal fern, ''Osmunda regalis'', found worldwide * Midin, or ''Stenochlaena palustris'', found in Sarawak, where it is prized as a local delicacy * ''Zenmai'' or flowering fern, ''Osmunda japonica'', found in East Asia *Vegetable fern, ''Athyrium esculentum'', found throughout Asia and Oceania Fiddleheads' ornamental value makes them very expensive in the temperate regions where they are not abundant. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fiddlehead fern」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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